Leg Cramps After Bariatric Surgery? Here’s What to Do

Written by Heather Smith, B.S. and medically reviewed by Dr. Stephen Boyce, MD

Key Takeaways

  • Leg cramps are common after bariatric surgery due to electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, or nutritional deficiencies.
  • You can manage your leg cramps by staying hydrated, eating a nutrient-rich diet, stretching regularly, and using supplements as needed like bariatric vitamins or bariatric multivitamins under medical guidance.
  • Seek advice from your medical provider if your cramps are severe, frequent, or accompanied by symptoms like swelling, redness, or muscle weakness.

Leg cramps can be an unfortunate, unexpected side effect of bariatric surgery. They can be quite painful and wake you up from sleep or interrupt daily activities. In some cases, tailbone pain after bariatric surgery may also contribute to discomfort, especially during physical activity or prolonged sitting.

The cramps may come from not drinking enough water. They can also be due to a lack of electrolytes or nutrients your muscles need. 

We know it’s no fun when a painful cramp suddenly grips your calf, sending you into a bout of pain. We’ve made this guide to help you. It explains why leg cramps occur and gives tips for relief.

Causes of Leg Cramps Post-Bariatric Surgery

Leg cramps after bariatric surgery often stem from your digestive system’s limited ability to absorb nutrients. With a smaller stomach pouch or re-routed intestines it’s harder to drink enough water and get all the nutrients your body needs. This can result in dehydration after bariatric surgery, one of the main causes of leg cramps. Bariatric protein shakes can help bridge this gap by providing essential nutrients.

Dehydration is common after bariatric surgery and one of the main causes of leg cramps. We get it, it’s harder to drink enough water after surgery.

Another underlying cause is electrolyte imbalances. With all the dietary changes you experience after surgery, it’s easy to become deficient in minerals like magnesium, calcium, and potassium. All of these minerals play a crucial role in muscle function. 

Nutritional deficiencies are another key factor. With your digestive system’s limited absorption, it’s easy to become deficient in B vitamins which play a role in muscle function.

Symptoms of Leg Cramps After Bariatric Surgery

You may notice leg cramps showing up in several ways.

Many people will feel a sudden tightness or squeeze when a muscle unexpectedly contracts. It’s often the muscles of the calves, thighs, or feet. 

These spasms can strike without warning and catch you off guard. 

Along with the tightness, you may feel sharp pain as well. This can be intense and lasts anywhere from a few seconds to several minutes. You may even wake up to sudden sharp shooting cramp pains that bolt you out of bed. Or they may come on at any time during the day.

After the cramp subsides, it’s not unusual for the muscle to feel slightly sore. The sensitivity may last for a while. 

Management Techniques for Leg Cramps After Bariatric Surgery

Managing leg cramps after bariatric surgery involves addressing the root cause and providing immediate relief. Here are several strategies.

  • Stay hydrated: Sometimes easier said than done, but drinking the right amount of water throughout the day helps reduce your likelihood of muscle cramps.
  • Take a nutritional supplement: Talk with your medical provider about taking a supplement with magnesium, potassium, and calcium to help prevent nutritional deficiencies that cause muscle cramps.
  • Exercise regularly: Low-impact exercises like walking or yoga can help improve muscle tone and circulation, which may reduce muscle cramping. And reducing instances of shoulder pain after bariatric surgery.
  • Wear compression socks: Compression socks can enhance blood flow through your legs and potentially prevent cramping. This is especially helpful if you have to stand or sit for long periods.
  • Apply a warm compress: Apply a moist, warm towel or heating pad to the affected area to help relax tight muscles. 
  • Stretch and massage: Gently stretch and massage your cramped muscles to relieve tension and ease pain. Try simple stretches, such as flexing and pointing your toes.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While you can manage most leg cramps with at-home care, there are several situations when you may need to seek medical attention. 

If your cramps are frequent, severe, or do not improve despite taking steps to relieve them, it’s best to let your medical provider know. They can check for additional underlying causes.

It’s also important to watch for other symptoms, like swelling, redness, or muscle weakness. These signs can indicate a more serious issue that needs prompt medical evaluation. 

If you have an underlying medical condition, such as diabetes or kidney disease, it’s especially important to remain vigilant. These conditions can complicate recovery and increase the likelihood of more severe complications.

Preventive Strategies for Leg Cramps After Bariatric Surgery

Preventing leg cramps after bariatric surgery requires a proactive approach. Here are several steps to take to reduce your risk of leg cramps.

  • Measure your water intake: Get a water bottle that keeps track of your water intake, and be sure to spread your water intake throughout the day. 
  • Eat a balanced diet: Eat meals containing protein and nutrient-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Practice consistent movement: Avoid sitting or standing in one position for too long. Gentle movements such as ankle rotations or leg stretches throughout the day can improve circulation.
  • Be mindful of alcohol and caffeine: Both beverages can contribute to dehydration and mineral loss, which can increase the risk of muscle cramps.
  • Maintain a supplement routine: Be consistent with taking your post-surgery vitamins and minerals to avoid possible nutrient deficiencies.

How Bari Life Can Help

The Bari Life Complete Bariatric Vitamin is packed with vitamins and minerals you need for optimal muscle function. It includes potassium, magnesium, calcium, and vitamin B12, which all help your muscles work properly. 

This simple once-a-day, easy-to-swallow vitamin makes it easy to keep up with your nutrients.

Conclusion

Leg cramps after bariatric surgery can be a frustrating side effect. However, they’re usually managed with the right approach. 

Common causes can include dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutritional deficiencies. 

Taking proactive steps like staying hydrated, eating a balanced diet, and stretching regularly can help reduce your risk of leg cramps. 

If your cramps persist or are accompanied by other symptoms, it’s important to seek medical advice.

If you want to learn more, why not check out these articles below: 

References

Bordoni, B., et al. (2023). Muscle Cramps. StatPearls.

Lin, C., & Lin, L. (2011). Peripheral polyneuropathy after bariatric surgery for morbid obesity. Journal of Family and Community Medicine

Muscle Cramps. (2020). MedlinePlus.

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